Variegated Tapioca

Binomial name

Manihot esculenta

Common names

Cassava, Yuca, Manioc

Description

Manihot esculenta, commonly known as cassava, is a perennial shrub native to South America, widely cultivated for its starchy root, which is a staple food in many tropical regions. The plant features large, lobed leaves and produces clusters of small, white flowers. The roots of cassava are rich in carbohydrates and are processed into various forms, including flour, tapioca, and chips. While the plant is tolerant of poor soils, its roots must be cooked properly before consumption, as they contain cyanogenic compounds that can be toxic if not prepared correctly. Cassava is known for its drought tolerance and ability to grow in challenging climates, making it a vital crop in many parts of the world.

Light requirements

Cassava thrives in full sun and requires at least six hours of direct sunlight each day to grow well. The plant's roots develop best in sunny conditions, and it generally prefers a warm climate to achieve optimal growth.

Soil preferences, including pH and drainage

Manihot esculenta prefers well-draining, sandy or loamy soil. It tolerates a wide range of soil pH but performs best in slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 5.5–7.0). It can grow in soils with low fertility, but yields are higher in richer soils. Well-draining soil is crucial, as the plant is sensitive to waterlogging, which can stunt root development and encourage diseases.

Water needs

Water regularly to keep the soil moist during the growing season. However, cassava is fairly drought-tolerant and can withstand periods of dry weather once established. Overwatering should be avoided, as this can lead to root rot and other issues. Reducing watering during the cooler months when the plant is not actively growing is ideal.